Digital mobile radio cellular messaging

ABSTRACT

Facilitating communication between cellular and digital mobile radio devices is presented herein. In one aspect, a digital mobile radio messaging gateway is deployed within a cellular network that allows cellular devices to send and/or receive data to digital mobile radio devices. Moreover, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway provides transparent messaging access from devices to digital mobile radio switches and/or gateways essentially making the cellular network an extension of the digital mobile radio network. As an example, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway converts data received from the digital mobile radio network to a message that conforms to a protocol supported by the cellular network. Similarly, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway converts data received from the cellular network to a message that conforms to a protocol supported by the digital mobile radio network.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent application is a continuation of, and claims priority to,U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/687,180, filed on Nov. 28, 2012, andentitled “Digital Mobile Radio Cellular Messaging”. The entirety of theaforementioned patent application is hereby incorporated by referenceherein.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The subject disclosure relates to wireless communications and, moreparticularly, to digital mobile radio cellular messaging.

BACKGROUND

Digital mobile radio is a communication standard developed by theEuropean telecommunications standards institute, which enablescommunication between field radio communications systems and/or devices.Typically, digital mobile radio communication is utilized by missioncritical devices in scenarios in which two-way communications arecritical, and/or communication services that do not rely on cellularcarriers are needed. For example, the digital mobile radio standardallows radio transmissions in the 12.5 kHz (kilohertz) band and providesvoice and data services using time division multiple access. For furtherbackground, the digital mobile radio standard includes digital mobileradio tiers that facilitate communication in both a licensedconventional mode operation (known as digital mobile radio tier II) anda licensed trunked mode operation (known as digital mobile radio tierIII).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates an example system that facilitates communicationbetween cellular and digital mobile radio networks, in accordance withvarious embodiments;

FIG. 2 illustrates an example system that facilitates interfacing acellular network with one or more digital mobile radio networks, inaccordance with various embodiments;

FIG. 3 illustrates an example system that facilitates a transfer of ashort message service message between a cellular network and a digitalmobile radio network, in accordance with various embodiments;

FIGS. 4A-4B illustrate example systems that facilitate transmission oftext messages between cellular devices and digital mobile radio devices,in accordance with various embodiments;

FIG. 5 illustrates an example system that facilitates management ofcommunication between a cellular network and a digital mobile radionetwork, in accordance with various embodiments;

FIG. 6 illustrates an example system that includes a front-end gatewaythat facilitates routing of data between a cellular network and adigital mobile radio network, in accordance with various embodiments;

FIG. 7 illustrates an example system that facilitates routing a voicecall between a cellular device and a digital mobile radio device, inaccordance with various embodiments;

FIG. 8 illustrates an example method that facilitates transmission ofdata from a cellular device to a digital mobile radio device, inaccordance with various embodiments;

FIG. 9 illustrates an example method that facilitates transmission ofdata from a digital mobile radio device to a cellular device, inaccordance with various embodiments;

FIG. 10 illustrates an example system for a mobilecommunications/general packet radio service/Internet protocol multimedianetwork architecture, in accordance with various embodiments;

FIG. 11 illustrates an example long term evolution network architecture,in accordance with various embodiments; and

FIG. 12 illustrates a block diagram of a computer operable to executethe disclosed communication architecture, in accordance with variousexample embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

One or more embodiments are now described with reference to thedrawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to likeelements throughout. In the following description, for purposes ofexplanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to providea thorough understanding of the various embodiments. It may be evident,however, that the various embodiments can be practiced without thesespecific details, e.g., without applying to any particular networkedenvironment or standard. In other instances, well-known structures anddevices are shown in block diagram form in order to facilitatedescribing the embodiments in additional detail.

As used in this application, the terms “component,” “module,” “system,”“interface,” “service,” “platform,” “center,” “gateway,” or the like aregenerally intended to refer to a computer-related entity, eitherhardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or softwarein execution or an entity related to an operational machine with one ormore specific functionalities. For example, a component may be, but isnot limited to being, a process running on a processor, a processor, anobject, an executable, a thread of execution, computer-executableinstruction(s), a program, and/or a computer. By way of illustration,both an application running on a controller and the controller can be acomponent. One or more components may reside within a process and/orthread of execution and a component may be localized on one computerand/or distributed between two or more computers. As another example, aninterface can include I/O components as well as associated processor,application, and/or API components.

Further, the various embodiments can be implemented as a method,apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/orengineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware, or anycombination thereof to control a computer to implement one or moreaspects of the disclosed subject matter. An article of manufacture canencompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readabledevice or computer-readable storage/communications media. For example,computer readable storage media can include but are not limited tomagnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips. . . ), optical disks (e.g., compact disk (CD), digital versatile disk(DVD) . . . ), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., card, stick,key drive . . . ). Of course, those skilled in the art will recognizemany modifications can be made to this configuration without departingfrom the scope or spirit of the various embodiments.

In addition, the words “example” or “exemplary” is used herein to meanserving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or designdescribed herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed aspreferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs. Rather, use ofthe word exemplary is intended to present concepts in a concretefashion. As used in this application, the term “or” is intended to meanan inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or”. That is, unlessspecified otherwise, or clear from context, “X employs A or B” isintended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, ifX employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then “X employs Aor B” is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. In addition,the articles “a” and “an” as used in this application and the appendedclaims should generally be construed to mean “one or more” unlessspecified otherwise or clear from context to be directed to a singularform.

Moreover, terms like “user equipment,” “mobile station,” “cellulardevice,” and similar terminology, refer to a wired or wireless deviceutilized by a subscriber or user of a wired or wireless communicationservice to receive or convey data, control, voice, video, sound, gaming,or substantially any data-stream or signaling-stream. The foregoingterms are utilized interchangeably in the subject specification andrelated drawings. Data and signaling streams can be packetized orframe-based flows. Furthermore, the terms “user,” “subscriber,”“customer,” “consumer,” and the like are employed interchangeablythroughout the subject specification, unless context warrants particulardistinction(s) among the terms. It should be appreciated that such termscan refer to human entities or automated components supported throughartificial intelligence (e.g., a capacity to make inference based oncomplex mathematical formalisms), which can provide simulated vision,sound recognition and so forth.

Digital mobile radio devices are widely employed by electric utilitiesto communicate with field crews particularly in times of naturaldisasters. Electric utilities utilize two-way radios, for example,digital mobile radios, to communicate with field crews via a privatelyowned digital mobile radio communication network. Utilities field crewsoften carry multiple devices including digital mobile radios andcellular phones; however, both devices are unable to communicate witheach other. Aspects disclosed herein provide a system and method thatallow digital mobile radio devices to communicate with cellular devicesin effect making the cellular network an extension of the utilitiesdigital mobile radio network and vice versa. Moreover, the systems andmethod disclosed herein allow utility companies to use their existinginvestment in digital mobile radio devices and at the same time, allowfield crews to communicate with a mobile cellular network.

Aspects or features of the disclosed subject matter can be exploited insubstantially any wired or wireless communication technology; e.g.,universal mobile telecommunications system, Wi-Fi, worldwideinteroperability for microwave access, general packet radio service,enhanced general packet radio service, global system for mobilecommunications, third generation partnership project long termevolution, third generation partnership project 2 ultra mobilebroadband, high speed packet access, Zigbee, or another IEEE 802.XXtechnology. Additionally, substantially all aspects of the disclosedsubject matter can be exploited in legacy (e.g., wireline)telecommunication technologies.

Referring initially to FIG. 1, there illustrated is an example system100 that facilitates communication between cellular and digital mobileradio networks, according to one or more aspects of the disclosedsubject matter. System 100 can include a digital mobile radio messaginggateway 102 that interfaces cellular gateway(s)/device(s) 104 withdigital mobile radio gateway(s)/device(s) 106. In one aspect, cellulargateway(s)/device(s) 104 can be deployed within a public cellularnetwork (e.g., universal mobile telecommunications system, global systemfor mobile communications, general packet radio service, thirdgeneration partnership project, long term evolution system, etc.) thatfacilitates communication between two or more user devices subscribed tothe cellular network. As an example, the cellular gateway(s)/device(s)104 can include (but are not limited to) a short message service center,a serving general packet radio service support node, a gateway generalpacket radio service support node, a packet data network gateway, etc.Moreover, the cellular gateway(s)/device(s) 104 can be part of most anypublic telecommunication network (wired and/or wireless) provided by aservice provider.

According to an aspect, the digital mobile radio gateway(s)/device(s)106 can include most any gateways or devices within a private digitalmobile radio network. As an example, the private digital mobile radionetwork is a privately owned communication network employed by entitiessuch as, but not limited to, utilities, government agencies, emergencyservices, (e.g., police forces, fire departments, ambulance), and/ortransportation companies etc. The digital mobile radio networkfacilitates communication between digital mobile radio devices (e.g.,two-way radios) based on an Internet protocol-based digital mobile radiostandard specified for professional mobile radio users within anenterprise and developed by the European telecommunications standardsinstitute. The digital mobile radio standard employed by the digitalmobile radio network can include an unlicensed (Tier I), a licensedconventional (Tier II) and/or a licensed trunked (Tier III) mode ofoperation. In one example, the digital mobile radio standard can allowradio transmissions in the 12.5 kHz (kilohertz) band and can providevoice and/or data services using time division multiple access.Moreover, time division multiple access divides a channel width intoalternating time slots that are allocated to different calls/datasessions during the radio transmission. It can be noted that, thesubject specification is not limited to employing time division multipleaccess during radio transmissions. However, utilization of time divisionmultiple access provides several advantages, such as but not limited to,lower equipment costs, longer battery life, increased spectralefficiency, etc. In one example, digital mobile radio networks providewide area coverage and employ a dedicated channel or trunking systemtargeted to provide robust coverage rather than capacity.

The digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can allow mobile cellulardevices to send and/or receive data (e.g., text messages and/or voicecalls) directly to digital mobile radio devices (e.g., two-way radios).Moreover, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can providetransparent messaging access from mobile cellular devices to digitalmobile radio switches and gateways. In one aspect, the digital mobileradio messaging gateway 102 can facilitate routing messages receivedfrom the cellular gateway(s)/device(s) 104 to the digital mobile radiogateway(s)/device(s) 106 (or vice versa). As an example, the digitalmobile radio messaging gateway 102 can facilitate address mapping,protocol conversion/translation, and/or encryption during the routing.Additionally or alternatively, the digital mobile radio messaginggateway 102 can store digital mobile radio device profile dataassociated with field devices coupled to the digital mobile radionetwork. As an example, the digital mobile radio device profile data caninclude information regarding a field device—such information comprisingan internet protocol address, routing codes (e.g., that identify adigital mobile radio gateway to which the field device is coupled),and/or security profiles.

Referring now to FIG. 2, there illustrated is an example system 200 thatfacilitates interfacing a cellular network with one or more digitalmobile radio networks, in accordance with an aspect of the subjectdisclosure. Digital mobile radio networks are private networks employedto provide mission critical voice, dispatching and/or managementcapacity across various geographic areas. Moreover, digital mobile radionetworks can include a set of digital mobile radio gateways, switchesand/or servers coupled together via an internet protocol and/or internetprotocol-based network. Further, the set of digital mobile radiogateways are coupled to mobile digital mobile radio devices via awireless radio access network of the digital mobile radio network. Inone aspect, the radio access network of the digital mobile radio networkcan employ a single 12.5 kHz channel to support two simultaneous andindependent calls using time division multiple access. Under the digitalmobile radio standard, time division multiple access retains the 12.5kHz channel width and divides it into two alternating timeslots whereineach timeslot acts as a separate communication path. In one aspect, thedigital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can couple one or morecellular gateways/servers with one or more digital mobile radiogateways/servers. It is noted that the digital mobile radio messaginggateway 102 can include functionality as more fully described herein,for example, as described above with regard to system 100.

In one aspect, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 caninclude an address mapping component 202 that receives data (e.g., atext message) from a cellular gateway (e.g., short message servicecenter) and facilitates mapping/translation/encapsulation/conversion ofthe data to a format/protocol supported by the digital mobile radionetwork. Similarly, the address mapping component 202 can also receivedata (e.g., a text message) from a digital mobile radio gateway andfacilitate mapping/translation/encapsulation/conversion of the data to aformat/protocol supported by the cellular network. As an example, ashort message service message directed to a digital mobile radio devicecan be received by the address mapping component 202 from a shortmessage service center within the cellular network via a short messagepeer-to-peer protocol. The address mapping component can 202 can convert(e.g., based on address mapping, translation,encapsulation/decapsulation, etc.) the short message service message toa message that conforms to an Internet protocol supported by the digitalmobile radio network. Further, in another example, the address mappingcomponent 202 can also receive, from the digital mobile radio network,an Internet protocol transmission that is directed to a cellular deviceand convert (e.g., based on address mapping, translation,encapsulation/decapsulation, etc.) the Internet protocol transmission toa short message service message that conforms to the short messagepeer-to-peer protocol.

Further, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can also includea routing component 204 that facilitates routing of data between thecellular network and the digital mobile radio network. Moreover, therouting component 204 can analyze data received from the cellulargateway and/or the digital mobile radio gateway to determine a route forthe data. For example, based on a destination address/identifier withina message (e.g., within a header and/or body of the message) receivedfrom the cellular gateway, the routing component 204 can determine arouting code to select a digital mobile radio gateway to which themessage is to be routed. Similarly, based on a destinationaddress/identifier within a message received from the digital mobileradio gateway, the routing component 204 can determine a cellulargateway to which the message is to be routed (e.g., by querying asubscriber data store within the cellular network). Further, the routingcomponent 204 can facilitate transmission of the data (e.g., conformedto an appropriate protocol by the address mapping component 202) basedon the determined route information.

Referring now to FIG. 3, there illustrated is an example system 300 thatfacilitates a transfer of a short message service message between acellular network and a digital mobile radio network, according to anaspect of the subject disclosure. In one aspect, a digital mobile radiomessaging gateway 102 can be employed to enable user equipment (UE) 302to send and/or receive messages directly to/from digital mobile radiodevices 304. Typically, UE 302 can include most any electroniccommunication device such as, but not limited to, most any consumerelectronic device, for example, a tablet computer, a digital mediaplayer, a digital photo frame, a digital camera, a cellular phone, apersonal computer, a personal digital assistant, a smart phone, alaptop, a gaming system, etc. Further, UE 302 can also include, forexample, long term evolution-based devices, such as, but not limited to,most any home or commercial appliance that includes a long termevolution radio. It can be noted that UE 302 can be mobile, have limitedmobility and/or be stationary.

Further, digital mobile radio devices 304 can also include most anyelectronic communication device, such as, but not limited toportable/mobile two-way radios, repeater stations, base stations,controllers, etc. As an example, digital mobile radio devices 304 caninclude most any electronic device that facilitates communication viathe digital mobile radio standard (Tier I, II, and/or III) and can bedeployed within various industries/organizations, such as, but notlimited to utilities (e.g., electric, water, and/or gas serviceproviders), transport (e.g., bus, taxi, airport, rail, and/or freightservices) and/or most any private access mobile radio operators. It isnoted that the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can includefunctionality as more fully described herein, for example, as describedabove with regard to systems 100 and 200.

In one aspect, the UE 302 can communicate with the cellular network viaa radio access network 306. As an example, the cellular radio accessnetwork 306 can include one or more access points, controllers, gatewaysand/or servers. In one aspect, the UE 302, for example, on power-on oron entering a coverage area of the cellular network, can perform anauthentication with the cellular network that authorizes the UE 302 tocommunicate via the cellular network. According to an embodiment, textmessages, for example, short message service messages, sent by UE 302can be routed to the intended digital mobile radio device 304 by thedigital mobile radio messaging gateway 102. For example, a short messageservice message can be created (e.g., via an input interface on the UE302) and transmitted to a short message service center 308 via thecellular radio access network 306. In one aspect, short message servicecenter 308 can determine that the short message service message isdirected to a digital mobile radio device 304 (and not to a cellulardevice), for example, based on destination address/identifier associatedwithin the short message service message. In response, the short messageservice center 308 can forward the message to the digital mobile radiomessaging gateway 102 via a signaling system number 7 network 310.

The digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can receive the shortmessage service message transmitted by the short message service centerby employing a signaling system number 7 protocol (or short messagepeer-to-peer protocol) and convert the short message service message toan Internet protocol message that conforms to the Internet protocolemployed by the digital mobile radio network (e.g., by employing theaddress mapping component 202). Further, based on the destinationaddress/identifier, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 candetermine a digital mobile radio gateway 312 to which the digital mobileradio device 304 is connected (e.g., by employing the routing component204). For example, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 canreceive (e.g., periodically, on demand, in response to an event, etc.),routing data from one or more digital mobile radio gateways (includingdigital mobile radio gateway 312) that includes routing codes associatedwith the digital mobile radio gateways and identifier data (e.g.,electronic serial numbers) of digital mobile radio devices coupled tothe digital mobile radio gateways. Accordingly, based on the identifierdata received from the short message service message, the digital mobileradio messaging gateway 102 (e.g., by employing the routing component204) can identify the digital mobile radio gateway 312 to which theInternet protocol message is to be routed.

In one aspect, a digital mobile radio gateway 312 can include most anygateway/server deployed within the digital mobile radio network 314 thatmanages transmissions to/from one or more digital mobile radio devices,base stations, repeaters, etc. The digital mobile radio gateway 312delivers the Internet protocol message to the digital mobile radiodevice 304 via the digital mobile radio network 314 by employing timedivision multiple access protocol. Specifically, the protocols employedby the digital mobile radio network are defined in ETSI TS 102 361-1V2.1.1: “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);Digital Mobile Radio (DMR) Systems; Part 1: DMR Air Interface (AI)protocol,” (2012-04); ETSI TS 102 361-2 V1.2.6: “Electromagneticcompatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Digital Mobile Radio(DMR) Systems; Part 2: DMR voice and generic services and facilities,”(2007-12); ETSI TS 102 361-3 V1.1.7 “Electromagnetic compatibility andRadio spectrum Matters (ERM); Digital Mobile Radio (DMR) Systems; Part3: DMR Data protocol,” (2007-12); and ETSI TS 102 361-4 V1.2.1“Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); DigitalMobile Radio (DMR) Systems; Part 4: DMR trunking protocol,” (2006-09),the entireties of which are incorporated by reference herein. As anexample, the digital mobile radio network 314 can support variousversions of the Internet protocol (e.g., Internet protocol version 4and/or Internet protocol version 6). Further, the air interface protocolsupported by a radio access network of the digital mobile radio network314 can be built around a 30 ms (millisecond) slot structure with a 50%duty cycle, wherein the protocol calls for the unit to be receiving inthe spaces between the transmitted blocks and thus allows signalingand/or voice in the reverse direction even during a conversation. In anexample, the digital mobile radio network 314 can employ is a 2-slottime division multiple access channel for both the inbound and outboundchannels. Although not explicitly illustrated within FIG. 3, it can benoted that the digital mobile radio network 314 can include one or moreaccess points, controllers, gateways, servers, and/or data stores.

According to an aspect, the digital mobile radio device 304 canacknowledge receipt of the Internet protocol message received from thedigital mobile radio messaging gateway 102, and the acknowledgement datacan be transferred to the short message service center 308 by thedigital mobile radio messaging gateway 102. Moreover, the digital mobileradio messaging gateway 102 can receive the acknowledgement data via theInternet protocol and conform the data to an signaling system number 7(or short message peer-to-peer) protocol prior to transferring the datato the short message service center 308. The short message servicecenter 308 can employ the acknowledgement data to transmit a deliveryreport to the UE 302 indicative of delivery of the short message servicemessage. Alternatively, if the acknowledgement data is not receivedwithin a predefined time interval, the digital mobile radio messaginggateway 102 can transmit, to the short message service center 308, anotification indicative of a failure to deliver the message.Accordingly, the short message service center 308 can employ theacknowledgement data to transmit a failure notification to the UE 302.

According to an embodiment, the system 300 can also facilitatetransmission of short message service messages from the digital mobileradio device 304 to the UE 302. In this example scenario, the digitalmobile radio device 304 can transmit, via an Internet protocol, a textmessage to the digital mobile radio gateway 312. The digital mobileradio gateway 312 can analyze the message to determine that the messageis directed to a cellular device (e.g., UE 302) and accordingly,transfer the message to the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102(by employing the Internet protocol). The digital mobile radio messaginggateway 102 can conform the message to the signaling system number 7 (orshort message peer-to-peer) protocol and direct the message to the shortmessage service center 308 via the signaling system number 7 network310. The short message service center 308 can then deliver the messageto the UE 302. Additionally or optionally, the short message servicecenter 308 can transfer a delivery report to the digital mobile radiodevice 304 via the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 toindicate that the message has been delivered (or a failure reportindicative that the message was not delivered). Moreover, the digitalmobile radio messaging gateway 102 can receive the delivery report (orfailure report) via the signaling system number 7 (or short messagepeer-to-peer) protocol and conform the report data to an Internetprotocol prior to transferring the report data to the digital mobileradio gateway 312. Although only one digital mobile radio gateway 312 isillustrated, it can be noted that the digital mobile radio messaginggateway 102 can couple a cellular gateway (e.g., short message servicecenter, serving general packet radio service support node, gatewaygeneral packet radio service support node, serving gateway, packet datanetwork gateway, etc.) with multiple digital mobile radio gatewaysdeployed within the same or different digital mobile radio networks, forexample, owned/managed/operated by one or more privateentities/organizations/businesses.

FIGS. 4A-4B illustrates example systems (400, 450) that facilitate atransmission of text messages between cellular devices and digitalmobile radio devices according to an aspect of the disclosed subjectmatter. The digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102, UE 302, digitalmobile radio device 304, cellular radio access network 306, digitalmobile radio gateway 312, and digital mobile radio network 314 caninclude functionality as more fully described herein, for example, asdescribed above with regard to systems 100-300.

Referring now to system 400 that illustrates a digital mobile radiomessaging gateway 102 coupled to a gateway general packet radio servicesupport node 402 (and/or serving general packet radio service supportnode 404). The digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 facilitatesrouting Internet protocol transmissions originating from the digitalmobile radio device 304 to a user equipment 302 and vice versa. As anexample, a message created on the digital mobile radio device 304 caninclude destination identifier data (e.g., mobile station internationalsubscriber directory number associated with UE 302, routing code,Internet protocol address, etc.). The message can then be transmittedvia the digital mobile radio network 314 to a digital mobile radiogateway 312. The digital mobile radio gateway determines, based on thedestination identifier data, that the message is directed to the UE 302that is coupled to a cellular network. Thus, digital mobile radiogateway 312 can forward the message to the digital mobile radiomessaging gateway 102, which identifies a route for the message based onquerying a network data store (e.g., home subscriber server, homelocation register, visitor location register). Moreover, the digitalmobile radio gateway 312 can identify a gateway general packet radioservice support node 402 (and/or serving general packet radio servicesupport node 404) and transmit the message to the gateway general packetradio service support node 402 (and/or serving general packet radioservice support node 404) to facilitate delivery of the message to theUE 302. In one example, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102can perform address mapping and/or protocol translation to ensure thatthe message conforms to a protocol supported by the gateway generalpacket radio service support node 402 (and/or serving general packetradio service support node 404).

Similarly, when the message is transmitted from the UE 302 to thedigital mobile radio device 304, initially the message is transmitted bythe UE 302 to the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 via thegateway general packet radio service support node 402 (and/or servinggeneral packet radio service support node 404). In one aspect, thegateway general packet radio service support node 402 (and/or servinggeneral packet radio service support node 404) can determine (e.g.,based on destination address data) that the message is intended for adevice within a digital mobile radio network and can accordingly forwardthe message to the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102. Based ondestination address data associated with the digital mobile radio device304, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 selects a digitalmobile radio gateway 312 to which the message can be routed. In oneexample, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can performaddress mapping and/or protocol translation to ensure that the messageconforms to the Internet protocol supported by the digital mobile radiogateway 312 and can facilitate delivery of the message to the digitalmobile radio device 304 via the digital mobile radio gateway 312.

FIG. 4B illustrates an example system 450 that facilitates communicationbetween a long term evolution network and a digital mobile radio network314. The long term evolution network includes an long term evolutiongateway 452, such as (but not limited to) serving gateway and/or packetdata network gateway that receives a text message from UE 302 anddetermines (e.g., based on destination data) that the text message isdirected to a digital mobile radio device 304 (e.g., a communicationdevice that is coupled to a digital mobile radio network 314). Moreover,the long term evolution gateway 452 transmits the message to the digitalmobile radio messaging gateway 102, which in turn identifies a digitalmobile radio gateway 312 to which the message is to be routed. In oneexample, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can performaddress mapping and/or protocol translation to ensure that the messageconforms to the Internet protocol supported by the digital mobile radiogateway 312 and can facilitate delivery of the message to the digitalmobile radio device 304 via the digital mobile radio gateway 312.

In one aspect, a message created on the digital mobile radio device 304can be transmitted via the digital mobile radio network 314 to thedigital mobile radio gateway 312. The digital mobile radio gateway 312determines, based on the destination address data, that the message isdirected to the UE 302 and accordingly forwards the message to thedigital mobile radio messaging gateway 102. The digital mobile radiomessaging gateway 102 can determine a route for the message, forexample, based on querying a network data store (e.g., home subscriberserver, home location register, visitor location register, etc.) of thecellular network. Moreover, the digital mobile radio gateway 312 canidentify the long term evolution gateway 452 and transmit the message tothe long term evolution gateway 452 to facilitate delivery of themessage to the UE 302. In one example, the digital mobile radiomessaging gateway 102 can perform address mapping and/or protocoltranslation to ensure that the message conforms to a protocol supportedby the long term evolution gateway 452. It can be noted that, thedigital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can also facilitatecommunication of a delivery report (or failure report) associated withthe transmission of the message between the cellular and digital mobileradio networks of system 400 and 450.

Referring now to FIG. 5, there illustrated is an example system 500 thatfacilitates management of communication between a cellular network and adigital mobile radio network, according to one or more aspects of thedisclosed subject matter. System 500 includes a digital mobile radiomessaging gateway 102 that interfaces a cellular gateway 502 (e.g.,serving general packet radio service support node, gateway generalpacket radio service support node, serving gateway, packet data networkgateway, email server, content/media server, etc.) with a digital mobileradio gateway 312 to facilitate communication between a cellular device(e.g., UE 302) and a digital mobile radio device 304. Further, in oneaspect, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can communicatewith an enterprise system(s) 504 (e.g., a utilities enterprise system)associated with the digital mobile radio network 314. As an example, thedigital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can receive management datafrom the enterprise system(s) 504 that controls operation of the digitalmobile radio messaging gateway 102. The digital mobile radio messaginggateway 102, digital mobile radio device 304, digital mobile radiogateway 312, and digital mobile radio network 314 can includefunctionality as more fully described herein, for example, as describedabove with regard to systems 100-450.

The enterprise system(s) 504 can include (but are not limited to)enterprise planning systems and/or business intelligence systemsdeployed by an organization associated with (e.g., that owns, manages,operates, etc.) the digital mobile radio network 314. In one aspect, theenterprise system(s) 504 can connect to the cellular gateway 502 viamost any communication network, such as, but not limited to an Internetprotocol-based network (e.g., Internet). In one example, thecommunication between the enterprise system(s) 504 and the cellulargateway 502 and/or the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can besecured and/or encrypted (e.g., by employing Internet protocol Securityprotocol). In another example, Frame Relay and/or Internetprotocol-enabled Frame Relay can be utilized to transmit thecommunication. In yet another example, virtual private networks (e.g.,multiprotocol label switching-based virtual private networks) can beemployed to secure the communication. Further, the digital mobile radiomessaging gateway 102 can verify authorization of the enterprisesystem(s) 504 prior to receiving the management data.

In one aspect, enterprise system(s) 504 can provide the digital mobileradio messaging gateway 102 with one or more policies and/orpreferences, such as, but not limited to operating policies/preferences,security policies/preferences, routing policies/preferences, datalogging policies/preferences, etc. Moreover, based on the policiesand/or preferences (e.g., data logging policies/preferences), thedigital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can record data logs 506associated with messages routed between the cellular gateway 502 and thedigital mobile radio gateway 312. As an example, the data log 506 caninclude (but is not limited to) information related to a time at whichthe message is sent/delivered, size of message, source device,destination device, message content, etc. The digital mobile radiomessaging gateway 102 can store the data logs 506 within a data store508. As an example, the data logs 506 can be delivered (e.g.,periodically, on demand, in response to an event, when network trafficis below a predefined threshold, etc.) to the enterprise system(s) 504,which in turn can analyze the data logs 506 to facilitate management,planning, and/or auditing.

It is noted that the data store 208 can include volatile memory(s) ornonvolatile memory(s), or can include both volatile and nonvolatilememory(s). Examples of suitable types of volatile and non-volatilememory are described below with reference to FIG. 12. The memory (e.g.,data stores, databases) of the subject systems and methods is intendedto comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitabletypes of memory.

Referring now to FIG. 6, there illustrated is an example system 600 thatincludes a front end gateway that facilitates routing of data between acellular network and a digital mobile radio network, in accordance withan aspect of the subject disclosure. It is noted that the digital mobileradio messaging gateway 102, address mapping component 202, routingcomponent 204, and data store 508 can include functionality as morefully described herein, for example, as described above with regard tosystems 100-500.

In one aspect, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 caninclude a management component that receives and stores management datawithin the data store 508. As an example, the management data caninclude (but is not limited to) device profile(s) 604, securityprofile(s) 606, and/or routing policy(ies) 608. In one aspect, themanagement data can be received (e.g., during provisioning of thedigital mobile radio messaging gateway 102, periodically, on demand, inresponse to an event, when network traffic is below a predefinedthreshold, etc.) from the enterprise system 504 and/or a digital mobileradio gateway 312. As an example, the digital mobile radio gateway 312can communicate with the management component via an Internet protocolnetwork and provide device profile(s) 604 associated with digital mobileradio devices coupled to the digital mobile radio gateway 312. Thedevice profile(s) 604 can include (but is not limited to) addressinformation (e.g., Internet protocol address or codes) associated with adigital mobile radio device that can be utilized by the digital mobileradio messaging gateway 102 to facilitate translation and/or routing ofthe messages between the cellular and digital mobile radio networks.Further, the device profile(s) 604 can include information indicative ofa routing code that facilitates selection of digital mobile radiogateway 312 during the routing.

The security profile(s) 606 can include access restriction data that canbe received from the enterprise system 504 (and/or a digital mobileradio network device). The access restriction data can specify whether adigital mobile radio device can be publically accessed, or accessed onlyby a specified list of cellular devices. Moreover, the securityprofile(s) 606 can include identifier data indicative of the list ofcellular devices. Further, the security profile(s) 606 can includeinformation that specifies a type of message (e.g., short messageservice, multimedia message service, email, etc.) that can be sentto/received from the digital mobile radio device and/or size and/orcontent restrictions associated with the message.

In one aspect, the security component 610 can enforce the accessrestrictions when data is to be routed between the cellular network andthe digital mobile radio network by the digital mobile radio messaginggateway 102. Moreover, the security component 610 can authenticate thesource/destination device and/or determine whether routing of the datais permitted based on the access restrictions. Accordingly, the securitycomponent 610 can allow or deny routing of the data. Additionally oroptionally, the security component 610 can employ most anyencryption/decryption technique to securely transfer the data. In oneexample, if it is determined that the routing of the data is permitted(e.g., by the security component 610), the routing component 204 canfacilitate routing of the data based on one or more routing policies 608stored within the data store 508. Further, the security component 610can authorize entities, such as but not limited to the enterprisesystem(s) 504 and/or the digital mobile radio gateways 312 that accessand/or modify information stored within the data store 508.

Referring now to FIG. 7, there illustrated is an example system 700 thatfacilitates routing a voice call between a cellular device and a digitalmobile radio device, in one aspect of the subject disclosure. System 700enables user equipment 302, coupled to a cellular network, tocommunicate with digital mobile radio devices 304 (e.g., two-wayradios). The bridging of these two networks (cellular and digital mobileradio networks) provides a powerful incentive for utilization of themobile cellular system as an extension of digital mobile radio networks.It is noted that the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102, UE 302,digital mobile radio device 304, cellular radio access network 306,digital mobile radio gateway 312, digital mobile radio network 314, andcellular gateway 502 can include functionality as more fully describedherein, for example, as described above with regard to systems 100-600.

According to an embodiment, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway102 can include a packetization component 702 that convert Internetprotocol transmissions that reach the cellular gateway 502 (from UE 302)into protocols that supported by the digital mobile radio gateway 312.Accordingly, a user can employ UE 302 to establish a voice call with oneor more digital mobile radio devices 304, for example, by entering theappropriate routing number into the UE 302. In one aspect, the digitalmobile radio messaging gateway 102 can receive from the cellular gateway502 Internet protocol data packets associated with the voice call,determine that the call is directed to a digital mobile radio device304, select the digital mobile radio gateway 312 to which the Internetprotocol data packets are to be routed, and forward the Internetprotocol data packets to the digital mobile radio gateway 312 in thecorrect protocol for subsequent transmission to the digital mobile radiodevice 304. Moreover, the packetization component 702 can be employed toconform the data packets received from the cellular gateway 502 to aprotocol supported by the digital mobile radio network.

Similarly, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can alsofacilitate establishment of a voice call that is initiated by thedigital mobile radio device 304 and directed to the UE 302. As anexample, the digital mobile radio device 304 can initiate the call byentering the appropriate routing code (e.g., mobile stationinternational subscriber directory number) associated with UE 302. Ondetermining that the call is directed to a cellular device, the digitalmobile radio gateway 312 can subsequently route the transmission(Internet protocol data packets) to the digital mobile radio messaginggateway 102, which would in turn route the transmission back to the UE302. As an example, the packetization component 702 can be employed toconform the data packets received from the digital mobile radio gateway312 to a protocol supported by the cellular gateway 502.

FIGS. 8-9 illustrate flow diagrams and/or methods in accordance with thedisclosed subject matter. For simplicity of explanation, the flowdiagrams and/or methods are depicted and described as a series of acts.It is to be understood and appreciated that the subject disclosure isnot limited by the acts illustrated and/or by the order of acts, forexample acts can occur in various orders and/or concurrently, and withother acts not presented and described herein. Furthermore, not allillustrated acts may be required to implement the flow diagrams and/ormethods in accordance with the disclosed subject matter. In addition,those skilled in the art will understand and appreciate that the methodscould alternatively be represented as a series of interrelated statesvia a state diagram or events. Additionally, it should be furtherappreciated that the methods disclosed hereinafter and throughout thisspecification are capable of being stored on an article of manufactureto facilitate transporting and transferring such methods to computers.The term article of manufacture, as used herein, is intended toencompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readabledevice or computer-readable storage/communications media.

Referring now to FIG. 8, illustrated is an example method 800 thatfacilitates transmission of data from a cellular device (e.g., UE 302)to a digital mobile radio device (e.g., two-way radio), according to anaspect of the subject disclosure. As an example, method 800 can beimplemented to interface a telecommunication network with one or moredigital mobile radio networks. Further, method 800 can facilitate anexchange of text messages (e.g., short message service, multimediamessage service, email, etc.) and/or voice communication between thecellular and digital mobile radio devices.

At 802, data (e.g., text message and/or voice data) can be received(e.g., by the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102) from acellular gateway (e.g., short message service center, gateway generalpacket radio service support node, serving general packet radio servicesupport node, serving gateway, packet data network gateway, etc.) via afirst communication protocol (e.g., signaling system number 7, mobileapplication part, voice over Internet protocol, etc.). As an example,the cellular gateway can determine that the data received from acellular device is directed to a digital mobile radio device and forwardthe data to a digital mobile radio messaging gateway. At 804, routeinformation can be determined (e.g., by the routing component 204) basedon an analysis of the data. For example, based on a destination address,route information for the data can be determined. Moreover, a digitalmobile radio gateway to which the digital mobile radio device iscurrently coupled can be identified. Further, at 806 the data can beconformed (e.g., by the address mapping component 202) to a secondcommunication protocol (e.g., Internet protocol) supported by thedigital mobile radio network. As an example, most any protocoltranslation/mapping/conversion/encapsulation/decapsulation technique canbe employed to conform the data to the second communication protocol.Furthermore, at 808, the conformed data can be transmitted (e.g., by therouting component 204) to the digital mobile radio gateway, which inturn can direct the data to the digital mobile radio device via thedigital mobile radio network.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example method 900 that facilitates transmissionof data from a digital mobile radio device (e.g., two-way radio) to acellular device (e.g., UE 302), according to an aspect of the subjectdisclosure. As an example, method 900 can be implemented to interface atelecommunication network with one or more digital mobile radionetworks. Further, method 900 can facilitate an exchange of textmessages (e.g., short message service, multimedia message service,email, etc.) and/or voice communication between the cellular and digitalmobile radio devices.

At 902, data (e.g., text message and/or voice data) can be received(e.g., by the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102) from a digitalmobile radio gateway deployed within a digital mobile radio network viaa first communication protocol (e.g., Internet protocol). As an example,the digital mobile radio gateway can determine that the data receivedfrom a digital mobile radio device is directed to a cellular devicecoupled to a cellular network and can accordingly forward the data to adigital mobile radio messaging gateway. At 904, route information can bedetermined (e.g., by the routing component 204) based on an analysis ofthe data. For example, based on a destination address, route informationfor the data can be determined. Moreover, a cellular gateway (e.g.,short message service center, gateway general packet radio servicesupport node, serving general packet radio service support node, servinggateway, packet data network gateway, etc.) to which the cellular deviceis currently coupled can be identified, for example, by querying anetwork data store (e.g., home subscriber server, home locationregister, visitor location register, etc.) within the cellular network.Further, at 906, the data can be conformed (e.g., by the address mappingcomponent 202) to a second communication protocol (e.g., signalingsystem number 7, mobile application part, voice over Internet protocol,etc.) supported by the cellular network. As an example, most anyprotocol translation/mapping/conversion/encapsulation/decapsulationtechnique can be employed to conform the data to the secondcommunication protocol. Furthermore, at 908, the conformed data can betransmitted (e.g., by the routing component 204) to the cellulargateway, which in turn can direct the data to the cellular device viathe cellular network.

Now turning to FIG. 10, there is depicted an example global system formobile communications/general packet radio service/Internet protocolmultimedia network architecture 1000 that can employ the disclosedcommunication architecture. In particular, the global system for mobilecommunications/general packet radio service/Internet protocol multimedianetwork architecture 1000 includes a global system for mobilecommunications core network 1001, a general packet radio service network1030 and an Internet protocol multimedia network 1038. The global systemfor mobile communications core network 1001 includes a Mobile Station(MS) 1002, at least one Base Transceiver Station (BTS) 1004 and a BaseStation Controller (BSC) 1006. The MS 1002 is physical equipment orMobile Equipment (ME), such as a mobile phone or a laptop computer thatis used by mobile subscribers, with a subscriber identity module. Thesubscriber identity module includes an international mobile subscriberidentity and/or mobile station international subscriber directorynumber, which is a unique identifier of a subscriber. The MS 1002includes an embedded client 1002 a that receives and processes messagesreceived by the MS 1002. The embedded client 1002 a can be implementedin JAVA and is discussed more fully below. It is noted that MS 1002 canbe substantially similar to UE 302, and can include functionalitydescribed with respect to UE 302 in systems 300-450 and 700.

The embedded client 1002 a communicates with an application 1002 b thatprovides services and/or information to an end user. Additionally oralternately, the MS 1002 and a device 1002 c can be enabled tocommunicate via a short-range wireless communication link, such asBLUETOOTH®. As one of ordinary skill in the art would recognize, therecan be an unlimited number of devices 1002 c that use the subscriberidentity module within the MS 1002 to provide services, information,data, audio, video, etc. to end users.

The BTS 1004 is physical equipment, such as a radio tower, that enablesa radio interface to communicate with the MS 1002. Each BTS can servemore than one MS. The BSC 1006 manages radio resources, including theBTS. The BSC 1006 can be connected to several BTSs. The BSC and BTScomponents, in combination, are generally referred to as a base station(BSS) or radio access network 1003. The radio access network 1003 can besubstantially similar to cellular radio access network 306, and caninclude functionality described with respect to cellular radio accessnetwork 306 in systems 300-400 and 700.

The global system for mobile communications core network 1001 alsoincludes a Mobile Switching Center (MSC) 1008, a Gateway MobileSwitching Center (GMSC) 1010, a home location register 1012, visitorlocation register 1014, an Authentication Center (AuC) 1018, and anEquipment Identity Register (EIR) 1018. The MSC 1008 performs aswitching function for the network. The MSC also performs otherfunctions, such as registration, authentication, location updating,handovers, and call routing. The GMSC 1010 provides a gateway betweenthe global system for mobile communications network and other networks,such as an integrated services digital network or public switchedtelephone networks 1020. In other words, the GMSC 1010 providesinterworking functionality with external networks.

The home location register 1012 is a database or component(s) thatcomprises administrative information regarding each subscriberregistered in a corresponding global system for mobile communicationsnetwork. The home location register 1012 also includes the currentlocation of each MS. The visitor location register 1014 is a database orcomponent(s) that contains selected administrative information from thehome location register 1012. The visitor location register containsinformation necessary for call control and provision of subscribedservices for each MS currently located in a geographical area controlledby the visitor location register. The home location register 1012 andthe visitor location register 1014, together with the MSC 1008, providethe call routing and roaming capabilities of global system for mobilecommunications. The authentication center (AuC) 1016 provides theparameters needed for authentication and encryption functions. Suchparameters allow verification of a subscriber's identity. The equipmentidentity register 1018 stores security-sensitive information about themobile equipment. In one aspect, the authentication center 1016 performsa subscriber identity module authentication, in response to MS 1002, forexample, powering-on and/or entering a coverage area of the BTS 1004.The subscriber identity module authentication allows the MS 1002 tocommunicate via the global system for mobile communications/generalpacket radio service/Internet protocol multimedia network.

A short message service center 1009 allows one-to-one short messageservice messages to be sent to/from the MS 1002. A push proxy gateway1011 is used to “push” (e.g., send without a synchronous request)content to the MS 1002. The push proxy gateway 1011 acts as a proxybetween wired and wireless networks to facilitate pushing of data to theMS 1002. A short message peer-to-peer protocol router 1013 is providedto convert short message service -based short message peer-to-peermessages to cell broadcast messages. Short message peer-to-peer is aprotocol for exchanging short message service messages between shortmessage service peer entities such as short message service centers. Itis often used to allow third parties, e.g., content suppliers such asnews organizations, to submit bulk messages. It is noted that the shortmessage service center 1009 can be substantially similar to shortmessage service center 308, and can include functionality described withrespect to cellular short message service center 308 in system 300.Moreover, the short message service center 308 can be coupled to thedigital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 that can includefunctionality as more fully described herein, for example, as describedabove with regard to systems 100-700.

To gain access to global system for mobile communications services, suchas speech, data, and short message service, the MS 1002 first registerswith the network to indicate its current location by performing alocation update and international mobile subscriber identity attachprocedure. The MS 1002 sends a location update including its currentlocation information to the MSC/ visitor location register, via the BTS1004 and the BSC 1006. The location information is then sent to the MS'shome location register. The home location register is updated with thelocation information received from the MSC/visitor location register.The location update also is performed when the MS moves to a newlocation area. Typically, the location update is periodically performedto update the database as location-updating events occur.

The general packet radio service network 1030 is logically implementedon the global system for mobile communications core network architectureby introducing two packet-switching network nodes, a serving generalpacket radio service support node 1032, a cell broadcast and a gatewaygeneral packet radio service support node 1034. The serving generalpacket radio service support node 1032 is at the same hierarchical levelas the MSC 1008 in the global system for mobile communications network.The serving general packet radio service support node controls theconnection between the general packet radio service network and the MS1002. The serving general packet radio service support node also keepstrack of individual MS's locations, security functions, and accesscontrols. It is noted that the serving general packet radio servicesupport node 1032 can be substantially similar to serving general packetradio service support node 404, and can include functionality describedwith respect to cellular serving general packet radio service supportnode 404 in system 400.

A Cell Broadcast Center (CBC) 1033 communicates cell broadcast messagesthat are typically delivered to multiple users in a specified area. CellBroadcast is one-to-many geographically focused service. It enablesmessages to be communicated to multiple mobile phone customers who arelocated within a given part of its network coverage area at the time themessage is broadcast.

The gateway general packet radio service support node 1034 provides agateway between the general packet radio service network and a publicpacket network. That is, the gateway general packet radio servicesupport node provides interworking functionality with external networks,and sets up a logical link to the MS 1002 through the serving generalpacket radio service support node 1032. It is noted that the gatewaygeneral packet radio service support node 1034 can be substantiallysimilar to gateway general packet radio service support node 402, andcan include functionality described with respect to cellular gatewaygeneral packet radio service support node 402 in system 400.

In one aspect, the gateway general packet radio service support node1034 is coupled to one or more digital mobile radio networks 314 via thedigital mobile radio messaging gateway 102. Additionally oralternatively, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 can becoupled to the serving general packet radio service support node 1032.Although it is depicted in FIG. 10 as residing outside the gatewaygeneral packet radio service support node 1034, the digital mobile radiomessaging gateway 102 can reside within (e.g., completely or partially)the gateway general packet radio service support node 1034 (and/or shortmessage service center 1009).

In order to access general packet radio service services, the MS 1002first attaches itself to the general packet radio service network byperforming an attach procedure. The MS 1002 then activates a packet dataprotocol context, thus activating a packet communication session betweenthe MS 1002, the serving general packet radio service support node 1032,and the gateway general packet radio service support node 1034. In aglobal system for mobile communications/general packet radio servicenetwork, general packet radio service services and global system formobile communications services can be used in parallel. A general packetradio service network 1030 can be designed to operate in three networkoperation modes (NOM1, NOM2 and NOM3). A network operation mode of ageneral packet radio service network is indicated by a parameter insystem information messages transmitted within a cell. The systeminformation messages dictates a MS where to listen for paging messagesand how signal towards the network. The network operation moderepresents the capabilities of the general packet radio service network.

The Internet protocol multimedia network 1038 was introduced with 3GPPRelease 5, and includes an Internet protocol multimedia subsystem 1040to provide rich multimedia services to end users. A representative setof the network entities within the Internet protocol multimediasubsystem 1040 are a call/session control function (CSCF), a mediagateway control function (MGCF) 1046, a media gateway (MGW) 1048, and amaster subscriber database, called a home subscriber server 1050. Thehome subscriber server 1050 can be common to the global system formobile communications network 1001, the general packet radio servicenetwork 1030 as well as the Internet protocol multimedia network 1038.

The Internet protocol multimedia system 1040 is built around thecall/session control function, of which there are three types: aninterrogating CSCF (I-CSCF) 1043, a proxy CSCF (P-CSCF) 1042, and aserving CSCF (S-CSCF) 1044. The P-CSCF 1042 is the MS's first point ofcontact with the Internet protocol multimedia subsystem 1040. The P-CSCF1042 forwards session initiation protocol messages received from the MSto an session initiation protocol server in a home network (and viceversa) of the MS. The P-CSCF 1042 can also modify an outgoing requestaccording to a set of rules defined by the network operator (forexample, address analysis and potential modification).

The I-CSCF 1043 forms an entrance to a home network and hides the innertopology of the home network from other networks and providesflexibility for selecting an S-CSCF. The I-CSCF 1043 can contact asubscriber location function (SLF) 1045 to determine which homesubscriber server 1050 to use for the particular subscriber, if multiplehome subscriber servers 1050 are present. The S-CSCF 1044 performs thesession control services for the MS 1002. This includes routingoriginating sessions to external networks and routing terminatingsessions to visited networks. The S-CSCF 1044 also decides whether anapplication server (AS) 1052 is required to receive information on anincoming session initiation protocol session request to ensureappropriate service handling. This decision is based on informationreceived from the home subscriber server 1050 (or other sources, such asan application server 1052). The AS 1052 also communicates to a locationserver 1056 (e.g., a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC)) thatprovides a position (e.g., latitude/longitude coordinates) of the MS1002. The MME 1058 provides authentication of a user by interacting withthe home subscriber server 1050 in long term evolution networks.

The home subscriber server 1050 contains a subscriber profile and keepstrack of which core network node is currently handling the subscriber.It also supports subscriber authentication and authorization functions.In networks with more than one home subscriber server 1050, a subscriberlocation function provides information on the home subscriber server1050 that contains the profile of a given subscriber.

The MGCF 1046 provides interworking functionality between sessioninitiation protocol session control signaling from the Internet protocolmultimedia subsystem 1040 and ISUP/BICC call control signaling from theexternal GSTN networks (not shown). It also controls the media gateway(MGW) 1048 that provides user-plane interworking functionality (e.g.,converting between AMR- and PCM-coded voice). The MGW 1048 alsocommunicates with a PSTN network 1054 for TDM trunks. In addition, theMGCF 1046 communicates with the PSTN network 1054 for signaling systemnumber 7 links. According to an embodiment, systems 100-400 and 500-700disclosed herein can be implemented at least in part within and/orcommunicatively coupled to the global system for mobile communicationsnetwork 1001, the general packet radio service network 1030, and/or theInternet protocol multimedia network 1038.

FIG. 11 illustrates a high-level block diagram that depicts an examplelong term evolution network architecture 1100 that can employ thedisclosed communication architecture. MS 1002, serving general packetradio service support node 1032, home subscriber server 1050, MME 1058,digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102, and digital mobile radionetwork 314 can include functionality as more fully described herein,for example, as described above with regard to systems 100, 200,450-700, and 1000.

The evolved radio access network for long term evolution consists of aneNodeB (eNB) 1102 that can facilitate connection of MS 1002 to anevolved packet core (EPC) network. The connection of the MS 1002 to theevolved packet core (EPC) network is subsequent to an authentication,for example, a subscriber identity module-based authentication betweenthe MS 1002 and the evolved packet core (EPC) network. As an example,the eNB 1102 can host a PHYsical (PHY), Medium Access Control (MAC),Radio Link Control (RLC), and Packet Data Control Protocol (PDCP) layersthat include the functionality of user-plane header-compression andencryption. In addition, the eNB 1102 can implement at least in partRadio Resource Control (RRC) functionality (e.g., radio resourcemanagement, admission control, scheduling, cell information broadcast,etc.). The eNB 1102 can be coupled to a serving gateway 1104 thatfacilitates routing of user data packets and serves as a local mobilityanchor for data bearers when the MS 1002 moves between eNBs. Inaddition, the serving gateway 1104 can act as an anchor for mobilitybetween long term evolution and other 3GPP technologies (general packetradio service, universal mobile telecommunications system, etc.). WhenMS 1002 is in an idle state, the serving gateway 1104 terminates adownlink (DL) data path and triggers paging when DL data arrives for theMS 1002. Further, the serving gateway 1104 can perform variousadministrative functions in the visited network such as collectinginformation for charging and lawful interception.

In one aspect, the serving gateway 1104 can be coupled to a packet datanetwork gateway 1106 that provides connectivity between the MS 1002 andexternal digital mobile radio network(s) 314 via the digital mobileradio messaging gateway 102. Additionally or alternatively, the digitalmobile radio messaging gateway 102 can be coupled to the serving gateway1104. Moreover, the packet data network gateway 1106 is a point of exitand entry of traffic for the MS 1002. It is noted that the MS 1002 canhave simultaneous connectivity with more than one packet data networkgateway (not shown) for accessing multiple PDNs.

The packet data network gateway 1106 performs Internet protocol addressallocation for the MS 1002, as well as Quality of Service (QoS)enforcement and implements flow-based charging according to rules from aPolicy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) 1110. The PCRF 1110can facilitate policy control decision-making and control flow-basedcharging functionalities in a Policy Control Enforcement Function(PCEF), which resides in the packet data network gateway 1106. The PCRF1110 can store data (e.g., QoS class identifier and/or bit rates) thatfacilitates QoS authorization of data flows within the PCEF. In oneaspect, the packet data network gateway 1106 can facilitate filtering ofdownlink user Internet protocol packets into the different QoS-basedbearers and perform policy enforcement, packet filtering for each user,charging support, lawful interception and packet screening. Further, thepacket data network gateway acts as the anchor for mobility between 3GPPand non-3GPP technologies such as WiMAX and 3GPP2 (CDMA 1X and EvDO). Inone aspect, the packet data network gateway 1106 can be substantiallysimilar to long term evolution gateway 452, and can includefunctionality described with respect to cellular long term evolutiongateway 452 in system 450.

Although it is depicted in FIG. 11 as residing outside the packet datanetwork gateway 1106, the digital mobile radio messaging gateway 102 canreside within (e.g., completely or partially) the packet data networkgateway 1106. Although the global system for mobilecommunications/general packet radio service/Internet protocol multimedianetwork architecture 1000 and long term evolution network architecture1100 is described and illustrated herein, it is noted that most anycommunication network architecture can be utilized to implement thedisclosed embodiments.

Referring now to FIG. 12, there is illustrated a block diagram of acomputer 1202 operable to execute the disclosed communicationarchitecture. In order to provide additional context for various aspectsof the disclosed subject matter, FIG. 12 and the following discussionare intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitablecomputing environment 1200 in which the various aspects of thespecification can be implemented. While the specification has beendescribed above in the general context of computer-executableinstructions that can run on one or more computers, those skilled in theart will recognize that the specification also can be implemented incombination with other program modules and/or as a combination ofhardware and software.

Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, datastructures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particularabstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciatethat the inventive methods can be practiced with other computer systemconfigurations, including single-processor or multiprocessor computersystems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, as well as personalcomputers, hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based orprogrammable consumer electronics, and the like, each of which can beoperatively coupled to one or more associated devices.

The illustrated aspects of the specification can also be practiced indistributed computing environments where certain tasks are performed byremote processing devices that are linked through a communicationsnetwork. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can belocated in both local and remote memory storage devices.

Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which caninclude computer-readable storage media and/or communications media,which two terms are used herein differently from one another as follows.Computer-readable storage media can be any available storage media thatcan be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile andnonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example,and not limitation, computer-readable storage media can be implementedin connection with any method or technology for storage of informationsuch as computer-readable instructions, program modules, structureddata, or unstructured data. Computer-readable storage media can include,but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memorytechnology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical diskstorage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage orother magnetic storage devices, or other tangible and/or non-transitorymedia which can be used to store desired information. Computer-readablestorage media can be accessed by one or more local or remote computingdevices, e.g., via access requests, queries or other data retrievalprotocols, for a variety of operations with respect to the informationstored by the medium.

Communications media typically embody computer-readable instructions,data structures, program modules or other structured or unstructureddata in a data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrierwave or other transport mechanism, and includes any information deliveryor transport media. The term “modulated data signal” or signals refersto a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changedin such a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By wayof example, and not limitation, communication media include wired media,such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless mediasuch as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.

With reference again to FIG. 12, the example environment 1200 forimplementing various aspects of the specification includes a computer1202, the computer 1202 including a processing unit 1204, a systemmemory 1206 and a system bus 1208. As an example, the gateway(s),component(s), devices (s), and platform(s) (e.g., digital mobile radiomessaging gateway 102, cellular gateway(s)/device(s) 104, digital mobileradio gateway(s)/device(s)106, address mapping component 202, routingcomponent 204, UE 302, short message service center 308, digital mobileradio device 304, digital mobile radio gateway 312, serving generalpacket radio service support node 404, gateway general packet radioservice support node 402, long term evolution gateway 452, cellulargateway 502, enterprise system(s) 504, management component 602,security component 610, packetization component 702 etc.) disclosedherein with respect to system 100-700 can each include at least aportion of the computer 1202. In another example, a combination of thegateway(s), devices(s), component(s), server(s), and/or platform(s) caneach include one or more computers such as, or substantially similar to,computer 1202. Further, each of the network element(s) (stand aloneand/or in combination with one or more other network elements) disclosedherein with respect to systems 1000 and 1100 can include at least aportion of computer 1202, or can include one or more computers such as,or substantially similar to, computer 1202. The system bus 1208 couplessystem components including, but not limited to, the system memory 1206to the processing unit 1204. The processing unit 1204 can be any ofvarious commercially available processors. Dual microprocessors andother multi-processor architectures can also be employed as theprocessing unit 1204.

The system bus 1208 can be any of several types of bus structure thatcan further interconnect to a memory bus (with or without a memorycontroller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety ofcommercially available bus architectures. The system memory 1206includes read-only memory (ROM) 1210 and random access memory (RAM)1212. A basic input/output system (BIOS) is stored in a non-volatilememory 1210 such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, which BIOS contains the basicroutines that help to transfer information between elements within thecomputer 1202, such as during startup. The RAM 1212 can also include ahigh-speed RAM such as static RAM for caching data.

The computer 1202 further includes an internal hard disk drive (HDD)1214, which internal hard disk drive 1214 can also be configured forexternal use in a suitable chassis (not shown), a magnetic floppy diskdrive (FDD) 1216, (e.g., to read from or write to a removable diskette1218) and an optical disk drive 1220, (e.g., reading a CD-ROM disk 1222or, to read from or write to other high capacity optical media such asthe DVD). The hard disk drive 1214, magnetic disk drive 1216 and opticaldisk drive 1220 can be connected to the system bus 1208 by a hard diskdrive interface 1224, a magnetic disk drive interface 1226 and anoptical drive interface 1228, respectively. The interface 1224 forexternal drive implementations includes at least one or both ofUniversal Serial Bus (USB) and IEEE 1394 interface technologies. Otherexternal drive connection technologies are within contemplation of thesubject disclosure.

The drives and their associated computer-readable storage media providenonvolatile storage of data, data structures, computer-executableinstructions, and so forth. For the computer 1202, the drives andstorage media accommodate the storage of any data in a suitable digitalformat. Although the description of computer-readable storage mediaabove refers to a HDD, a removable magnetic diskette, and a removableoptical media such as a CD or DVD, it should be appreciated by thoseskilled in the art that other types of storage media which are readableby a computer, such as zip drives, magnetic cassettes, flash memorycards, cartridges, and the like, can also be used in the exampleoperating environment, and further, that any such storage media cancontain computer-executable instructions for performing the methods ofthe specification.

A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and RAM 1212,including an operating system 1230, one or more application programs1232, other program modules 1234 and program data 1236. All or portionsof the operating system, applications, modules, and/or data can also becached in the RAM 1212. It is appreciated that the specification can beimplemented with various commercially available operating systems orcombinations of operating systems.

A user can enter commands and information into the computer 1202 throughone or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., a keyboard 1238 and/or apointing device, such as a mouse 1240 or a touchscreen or touchpad (notillustrated, but which may be integrated into UE 302 in someembodiments). These and other input devices are often connected to theprocessing unit 1204 through an input device interface 1242 that iscoupled to the system bus 1208, but can be connected by otherinterfaces, such as a parallel port, an IEEE 1394 serial port, a gameport, a USB port, an IR interface, etc. A monitor 1244 or other type ofdisplay device is also connected to the system bus 1208 via aninterface, such as a video adapter 1246.

The computer 1202 can operate in a networked environment using logicalconnections via wired and/or wireless communications to one or moreremote computers, such as a remote computer(s) 1248. The remotecomputer(s) 1248 can be a workstation, a server computer, a router, apersonal computer, portable computer, microprocessor-based entertainmentappliance, a peer device or other common network node, and typicallyincludes many or all of the elements described relative to the computer1202, although, for purposes of brevity, only a memory/storage device1250 is illustrated. The logical connections depicted includewired/wireless connectivity to a local area network (LAN) 1252 and/orlarger networks, e.g., a wide area network (WAN) 1254. Such LAN and WANnetworking environments are commonplace in offices and companies, andfacilitate enterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets, all ofwhich can connect to a global communications network, e.g., theInternet.

When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 1202 isconnected to the local network 1252 through a wired and/or wirelesscommunication network interface or adapter 1256. The adapter 1256 canfacilitate wired or wireless communication to the LAN 1252, which canalso include a wireless access point disposed thereon for communicatingwith the wireless adapter 1256.

When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 1202 can includea modem 1258, or is connected to a communications server on the WAN1254, or has other means for establishing communications over the WAN1254, such as by way of the Internet. The modem 1258, which can beinternal or external and a wired or wireless device, is connected to thesystem bus 1208 via the serial port interface 1242. In a networkedenvironment, program modules depicted relative to the computer 1202, orportions thereof, can be stored in the remote memory/storage device1250. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown areexample and other means of establishing a communications link betweenthe computers can be used.

The computer 1202 is operable to communicate with any wireless devicesor entities operatively disposed in wireless communication, e.g.,desktop and/or portable computer, server, communications satellite, etc.This includes at least Wi-Fi and Bluetooth™ wireless technologies. Thus,the communication can be a predefined structure as with a conventionalnetwork or simply an ad hoc communication between at least two devices.

Wi-Fi, or Wireless Fidelity, allows connection to the Internet from acouch at home, a bed in a hotel room, or a conference room at work,without wires. Wi-Fi is a wireless technology similar to that used in acell phone that enables such devices, e.g., computers, to send andreceive data indoors and out; anywhere within the range of a basestation. Wi-Fi networks use radio technologies called IEEE 802.11 (a, b,g, n, etc.) to provide secure, reliable, fast wireless connectivity. AWi-Fi network can be used to connect computers to each other, to theInternet, and to wired networks (which use IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet).Wi-Fi networks operate in the unlicensed 2.4 and 5 GHz radio bands, atan 11 Mbps (802.11a) or 54 Mbps (802.11b) data rate, for example, orwith products that contain both bands (dual band), so the networks canprovide real-world performance similar to the basic 10BaseT wiredEthernet networks used in many offices.

As it employed in the subject specification, the term “processor” canrefer to substantially any computing processing unit or devicecomprising, but not limited to comprising, single-core processors;single-processors with software multithread execution capability;multi-core processors; multi-core processors with software multithreadexecution capability; multi-core processors with hardware multithreadtechnology; parallel platforms; and parallel platforms with distributedshared memory. Additionally, a processor can refer to an integratedcircuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digitalsignal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), aprogrammable logic controller (PLC), a complex programmable logic device(CPLD), a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardwarecomponents, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functionsdescribed herein. Processors can exploit nano-scale architectures suchas, but not limited to, molecular and quantum-dot based transistors,switches and gates, in order to optimize space usage or enhanceperformance of user equipment. A processor may also be implemented as acombination of computing processing units.

In the subject specification, terms such as “data store,” data storage,”“database,” “cache,” and substantially any other information storagecomponent relevant to operation and functionality of a component, referto “memory components,” or entities embodied in a “memory” or componentscomprising the memory. It will be appreciated that the memorycomponents, or computer-readable storage media, described herein can beeither volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can include bothvolatile and nonvolatile memory. By way of illustration, and notlimitation, nonvolatile memory can include read only memory (ROM),programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM),electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory caninclude random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in manyforms such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronousDRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM(ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM).Additionally, the disclosed memory components of systems or methodsherein are intended to comprise, without being limited to comprising,these and any other suitable types of memory.

What has been described above includes examples of the presentspecification. It is, of course, not possible to describe everyconceivable combination of components or methods for purposes ofdescribing the present specification, but one of ordinary skill in theart may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of thepresent specification are possible. Accordingly, the presentspecification is intended to embrace all such alterations, modificationsand variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appendedclaims. Furthermore, to the extent that the term “includes” is used ineither the detailed description or the claims, such term is intended tobe inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as“comprising” is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in aclaim.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system, comprising: a processor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising: facilitating a wireless transmission of data to a mobile device using a time division multiple access communication channel comprising alternating timeslots corresponding to respective transmissions of an outbound communication and an inbound communication, wherein the data has been included in a first message conforming to a short message peer-to-peer protocol; and in response to determining a failure of the wireless transmission of the data to the mobile device using the time division multiple access communication channel, sending a second message, conforming to the short message peer-to-peer protocol and indicative of the failure, directed to a gateway device.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the wireless communication comprises a half-duplex communication.
 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the data comprises a text message.
 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise: receiving the first message from the gateway device.
 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the receiving comprises: receiving the first message from a user equipment coupled to the gateway device.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the facilitating comprises: determining routing information comprising routing code data associated with a digital mobile radio gateway device of an Internet protocol based digital mobile radio network for the facilitating the wireless transmission.
 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the routing code data comprises device profile data indicative of mobile devices that are coupled to the digital mobile radio gateway device, and wherein the device profile data is employed to facilitate the wireless transmission.
 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the facilitating comprises: receiving security profile data that is indicative of an access restriction; and facilitating the wireless transmission based on the access restriction.
 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the security profile data comprises device data indicative of wireless devices that have been authorized to access the mobile device.
 10. A method, comprising: initiating, by a system comprising a processor via a time division multiple access communication channel comprising alternating timeslots corresponding to separate communication paths, a wireless broadcast of information directed to a wireless device, wherein the information has been included in a first short message service message that has been directed to the wireless device; and in response to determining that an acknowledgement corresponding to the wireless broadcast has not been received, sending, by the system, a second short message service message representing a failure of the wireless broadcast directed to a gateway device.
 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the separate communication paths comprise an inbound communication path corresponding to the wireless device and an outbound communication path corresponding to the wireless device.
 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising: receiving, by the system, the first short message service message from a user equipment coupled to the gateway device.
 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the sending comprises: sending the second short message service message directed to the user equipment.
 14. The method of claim 10, wherein the initiating comprises: initiating the wireless broadcast using data representing wireless devices that have been coupled to a digital mobile radio gateway device of an Internet protocol based digital mobile radio network.
 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the initiating comprises: based on security profile data associated with the wireless device, determining that the wireless broadcast has been authorized; and facilitating the wireless broadcast of the information in accordance with the security profile data.
 16. A machine-readable storage medium, comprising executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising: sending text directed to a mobile device via a communication protocol corresponding to a communication channel that has been divided into two alternating timeslots corresponding to separate communication paths, wherein the text has been included in a first short message service message that has been directed to the mobile device; and in response to determining a failure of the sending of the text that has been directed to the mobile device via the communication protocol corresponding to the communication channel that has been divided into the two alternating timeslots, sending a second short message service message directed to a cellular network device.
 17. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the sending the text comprises sending the text using an Internet protocol.
 18. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the operations further comprise: receiving the first short message service message from a wireless device coupled to the cellular network device.
 19. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 18, wherein the sending the second short message service message comprises sending the second short message service message directed to the wireless device.
 20. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the sending the text comprises: receiving security profile data that is indicative of an access restriction; and sending the text based on the access restriction. 